Sneezing can arise from 3 documented medical conditions. Understanding the clinical context helps identify urgent causes early.
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)
Allergic rhinitis is an allergic response to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander, causing sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion, and itchy eyes. Seasonal (hay fever) and perennial types are the main categories.
Common Cold
The common cold is a viral upper respiratory infection, most often caused by rhinoviruses. Symptoms include runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, cough, and mild fever. It is usually self-limiting and resolves within 7–10 days.
Hay Fever (Allergic Rhinitis)
Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) is an allergic reaction to airborne allergens like pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. It is one of the most common allergic conditions, affecting up to 30% of the population.
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