Dyspareunia can arise from 2 documented medical conditions. Understanding the clinical context helps identify urgent causes early.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus. It causes chronic pelvic pain, especially during menstruation, and can lead to infertility. It affects approximately 10% of reproductive-age women.
Vulvodynia
Vulvodynia is chronic vulvar pain without identifiable cause, significantly impairing sexual function and quality of life. Subtypes include localized (vestibulodynia) and generalized; multimodal treatment includes topical agents, pelvic floor physiotherapy, and psychotherapy.
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