Acne can arise from 2 documented medical conditions. Understanding the clinical context helps identify urgent causes early.
PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age, causing irregular periods, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries. It is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of diabetes and heart disease.
Acne Vulgaris
Acne vulgaris is the most common skin condition, caused by follicular plugging and Cutibacterium acnes infection, producing comedones, papules, pustules, and cysts. Topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and antibiotics are foundational treatments.
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