What Causes Heartburn? Common & Serious Causes Explained
Heartburn can be caused by Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, GERD (Acid Reflux) and other conditions. Learn which causes are serious, which are benign, and when to seek urgent medical evaluation.
Updated March 27, 2026
Heartburn has multiple causes, ranging from benign to serious. The most common include Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, GERD (Acid Reflux). Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, commonly caused by H. pylori infection, prolonged NSAID use, or excessive alcohol. It can be acute (sudden) or chronic (long-term) and may lead to peptic ulcers if untreated.
Clinical Context
The causes of heartburn range from benign to serious. Identifying the underlying cause requires clinical evaluation. Common causes include Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, GERD (Acid Reflux), Esophageal Cancer, and others.
Clinical Pathway
Heartburn — Symptom HubSymptomGastritis — Full Condition GuidePrimary CauseGastritis — Differential DiagnosisDifferentialGastritis vs. Peptic Ulcer — Comparisonvs.Peptic Ulcer — Full Condition GuideCauseGERD (Acid Reflux) — Full Condition GuideCauseEsophageal Cancer — Full Condition GuideCauseFrequently Asked Questions
Why do I have heartburn? common & serious causes explained?+
Heartburn has multiple causes, ranging from benign to serious. The most common include Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, GERD (Acid Reflux). Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, commonly caused by H. pylori infection, prolonged NSAID use, or excessive alcohol. It can be acute (sudden) or chronic (long-term) and may lead to peptic ulcers if untreated.
What is the most common cause of heartburn?+
Common causes include Gastritis, Peptic Ulcer, GERD (Acid Reflux). The most likely cause depends on age, associated symptoms, and medical history.
When is heartburn dangerous?+
Seek medical attention if heartburn is persistent, worsening, sudden in onset, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
Can heartburn be caused by stress or anxiety?+
Yes — psychological stress can contribute to many physical symptoms, but organic causes should be excluded by a healthcare provider.
Our AI Symptom Checker analyzes your symptoms and suggests possible conditions based on clinical guidelines.
Start Free Analysis →