VHOSPITAL.CLINIC · Health Guide

Skin Cancer: Types, Signs and Prevention

Guide to basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma skin cancers — signs, risk factors and treatment.

Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. The three main types are basal cell carcinoma (rarely spreads), squamous cell carcinoma (can spread), and melanoma (most dangerous).

Primary risk factor is UV radiation from sunlight and tanning beds. Use the ABCDE rule for melanoma: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter over 6mm, Evolving lesion.

Prevention: broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen daily, protective clothing, avoid peak UV hours (10am-4pm), no tanning beds, monthly self-skin exams.

Treatment includes excision, Mohs surgery, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. When detected early, skin cancers have excellent cure rates.

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Possible Causes

  • Infections and inflammation — bacterial, viral, or autoimmune triggers activate skin rash
  • Metabolic disturbances — hormonal imbalances, nutrient deficiencies, or blood sugar changes
  • Structural or vascular causes — tissue damage, nerve compression, or circulatory problems
  • Psychological factors — stress, anxiety, and depression can produce measurable physical skin rash

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Medical ReviewvHospital Editorial Team · 2024–2025
Sources:WHOPubMedUpToDateNICE